{"id":8448,"date":"2021-07-22T05:18:45","date_gmt":"2021-07-22T05:18:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.vdocipher.com\/blog\/?p=8448"},"modified":"2025-10-23T11:14:32","modified_gmt":"2025-10-23T11:14:32","slug":"encoding-vs-encryption","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www-uat.vdocipher.com\/blog\/encoding-vs-encryption\/","title":{"rendered":"Encoding vs Encryption\u00a0: What Is The Difference And What They Mean For Video Streaming?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Encoding and encryption are two techniques that play a crucial role in the transmission, exchange, storage, and creation of digital content be it plain text or rich media. Encryption employs an algorithm that takes in either plain text or metadata of rich media and converts it into a pseudo-random string of hexadecimal called a hash. Hash is incomprehensible unless decrypted with a private key. Your passwords, credit card numbers, WhatsApp messages, and Facetime calls all are converted to a hash before being transmitted to the network. <\/span>\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Encoding is required because the format you capture content in and the format it is received in may vary since web services and OTT platforms often encode the content at the time of transmission. Encoding serves two purposes: it saves bandwidth at both recipient\u2019s and transmitter\u2019s end and addresses incompatibility issues at the receiver\u2019s end. Upon reaching the recipient\u2019s end, the web service leverages inbuilt decoders to recreate the media on the target device.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

The encoding requires just a decoder while encryption required a private key in addition to a decrypter.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Here in this blog, I’ll explore encoding vs encryption, what they mean and how do they work in terms of video streaming<\/p>\n

\n

\u00a0TABLE OF CONTENT<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Encoding vs Encryption in Video Streaming <\/a><\/li>\n
  2. Encoding vs Encryption in Video Streaming <\/a><\/li>\n
  3. The Role of Codecs in Encoding<\/a><\/li>\n
  4. The Role of Video Decoders <\/a><\/li>\n
  5. What is Video Encryption?<\/a><\/li>\n
  6. How Does Encryption Work? <\/a><\/li>\n
  7. Encoding vs Encryption: Similarities and differences <\/a><\/li>\n
  8. The Role of DRM in Video encryption<\/a><\/li>\n
  9. Encode and Encrypt With VdoCipher<\/a><\/li>\n
  10. Which is more important: Encryption Vs Encoding? <\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n

    Encoding vs Encryption in Video Streaming<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n

    Encoding and encryption are two of the standard techniques that video platforms<\/a> employ to ensure safe and efficient delivery of the content over the network. While the two techniques have multiple overlaps over how a video is encoded or encrypted, they serve two very different purposes. The purpose of encoding is to encode a RAW video in a particular codec to ensure its efficient delivery over the network and playback support on the target device. Encryption<\/a>, on the other hand, ensures that the video is not playable to anyone other than its intended audience. If you have ever heard of DRM, you know what I am trying to imply here.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    What is Video Encoding?<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n

    Video production<\/a> has various stages to\u00a0it:\u00a0production, post-production, publishing, distribution, and release.\u00a0The color grading and video editing tools your post-production team may have access to might not read RAW video clips coming out of your production cameras.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u201cA RAW image represents RAW data coming out of the camera\u2019s image sensor. It is equivalent to image-negative in\u00a0analogue\u00a0cameras\u201d<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    The post-production team must encode the video in a compatible format.\u00a0Likewise, the\u00a0video\u00a0format\u00a0the publisher distributed the content in may not be practical for end-user consumption. It might be consuming too much bandwidth or perhaps the quality is taking too much of\u00a0a\u00a0hit. Maybe,\u00a0the target device doesn\u2019t have\u00a0the\u00a0decoder to\u00a0playback the received, encoded video for end-user consumption.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    Encoding is all about\u00a0overcoming the friction that arises between the various stages (and teams) of video production.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    Encoding is essential to video production because every team in the funnel have different expectation from the received video file. Post-production wants quality while distribution\u00a0expects\u00a0the video to be portable.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    Video encoding<\/a> ensures that your video is converted from raw format to all the relevant format for video streaming.<\/p>\n

    \n

    Explore More \u2705<\/p>\n

    Ensure Smooth & Secure Streaming of Your Videos With VdoCipher<\/a><\/p>\n

    VdoCipher helps 3000+ customers in over 180+ countries to host their videos securely, helping them to boost their video revenues.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

    The Role of Codecs in Encoding<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n

    Video\u00a0footage\u00a0that hasn\u2019t\u00a0been encoded to a codec is considered RAW. RAW footages are perfect for production because they are virtually lossless. One downside is an hour\u00a0RAW 4K footage may occupy a couple of terabytes on your disk. If your post-production team\u00a0isn\u2019t\u00a0onsite, you may\u00a0wish\u00a0to encode the RAW file in one of the professional codecs such as\u00a0ProRes\u00a04K\u00a0before sending them over. Encoding a RAW video file to\u00a0a\u00a0professional codec compresses its size.\u00a0Quality loss from encoding RAW footage to a professional codec is, generally, considered nearly lossless. That is, the encoding loss is indecipherable to human eyes.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    The footage undergoes encoding once again–this time to one of the consumer codecs.\u00a0Consumer codecs have\u00a0a\u00a0higher compression\u00a0ratio\u00a0than professional codecs and thus are apt for\u00a0end-user\u00a0consumption.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    The Role of Video Decoders<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n

    Any video encoded to a video codec is only playable on a device that has decoders for the codec built-in. Many hardware vendors include specialized hardware to accelerate the decoding process. For example, modern Apple devices contain a dedicated decoder for HEVC (or H.265) acceleration. <\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    When releasing a video to the end-users, the distribution\u00a0platform\u00a0has to ensure that it is encoded\u00a0in\u00a0a codec that the devices and browsers they are targeting have encoders for.\u00a0In\u00a0the\u00a0case of Netflix, it encodes HDR videos in two consumer codecs HEVC and VP9 because Chrome OS and Android don\u2019t have HEVC\u00a0decoders.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    What is Video Encryption?<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n

    While encoding concerns every stage of video production,\u00a0the role\u00a0of\u00a0encryption role is restricted to\u00a0the\u00a0distribution phase\u00a0alone.\u00a0Video distribution is a risky business considering how much money video distribution platforms pay to grab the rights to an upcoming web series or movie.\u00a0Video distribution platforms rely on subscription and rental fees to cover those costs and make the business sustainable. Piracy is a mean business.\u00a0Anybody can illegitimately make copies\u00a0of a video and illegally distribute it over a P2P network.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    The question is: If a piece of content is available freely on the internet, why would anybody pay for it?<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    Encryption ensures even if somebody could make a copy of the video,\u00a0it wouldn\u2019t of much use to the person trying to play it back. Just as encrypted messages are hashed and thus aren\u2019t readable to anybody other\u00a0than\u00a0their\u00a0intended recipients, an encrypted video copy\u00a0wouldn\u2019t be of much use to anybody without its private key.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    How Does Encryption Work?<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n

    Every time you request a copy of\u00a0a\u00a0video, either from a streaming service like Disney Plus or\u00a0a\u00a0video rental platform such as iTunes, you\u00a0are\u00a0asked\u00a0to\u00a0log in\u00a0with\u00a0your\u00a0username and\u00a0password. Once you have done that, the\u00a0video platform\u00a0encrypts\u00a0the video with your credentials as the private key before start streaming or downloading it to your device.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    Standard encryption\u00a0techniques\u00a0employ two sets of keys. A private key that is only available to you and must be kept secure all the time, and a public key for the distributor to validate that you\u2019re the intended recipient.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    Public key generated from the private key through a method called cryptography and employ one of the many available cryptographic algorithms.\u00a0Cryptographic\u00a0algorithms\u00a0such as AES\u00a0are irreversible that\u00a0is\u00a0anybody can generate public keys from their private key but not\u00a0vice-a-versa.\u00a0AES is one of the methods streaming platforms employ to enforce DRM on their content.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    In\u00a0the\u00a0case of video encryption, the private keys are often tied to the credential you use to\u00a0log in\u00a0to the streaming service. There is a reason you cannot play\u00a0movies\u00a0you\u00a0rented\u00a0from services like Amazon Video and iTunes while not logged\u00a0in\u00a0to your account.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    Encoding vs Encryption: Similarities and differences\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n

    Video Encryption<\/a> and encoding might seem like similar techniques on the surface. In fact, you essentially encode a file to a key in the process of encryption. Encryption makes the file indecipherable without a key while encoding makes the video file unreadable with the relevant decoder. Both encryption and encoding require specialized software and hardware to happen. Decryption and decoding software is built into every other general-purpose operating system such as macOS, Windows, and Android.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    However, once you dive deeper the similarities begin to fade away and we see a clear distinction.\u00a0As I said, encryption is for\u00a0the\u00a0security of the content while encoding is for its transmission. Of course, a premium video must be encrypted before transmission. Therefore, encryption and encoding take place at the same time. That is when an end-user requests the content.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    Any decoder for\u00a0a\u00a0codec\u00a0can playback the video\u00a0if it was encoded in it. In\u00a0the\u00a0case of encryption,\u00a0not\u00a0any decoder but that equipped with your private key can.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    The Role of DRM in Video encryption<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n

    Digital Right Management<\/a> (or DRM) serves a two-fold purpose in the video distribution market. It prevents unauthorized distribution of premium video content in the first. Then, it restricts the ways people can copy the content they have acquired. DRM is the reason you\u2019re returned a blank screen when you try to screenshot Netflix. It is DRM that makes it impossible to download videos on Hulu. Streaming platforms employ either AES or\u00a0 DRM to protect their content.<\/span> Widevine DRM<\/a> and Fairplay DRM<\/a> are two widely used DRM.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Advanced Encryption Standard (or AES<\/a>) is the most popular methods video production studios use to protect their content from\u00a0unauthorized access.\u00a0Most\u00a0streaming protocols<\/a> such as HLS<\/a>, Smooth Streaming, and MPEG-DASH\u00a0<\/a>support AES out of the box.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    Encode and Encrypt With VdoCipher<\/h2>\n

    Encoding and Encryption is something for which you need a bit of technical knowledge to get sorted. When encoding and encrypting your videos in bulk you might need a complete video infrastructure. But setting up your own infrastructure can be labor, cost, and time-consuming. The best and the easiest way is to opt for a service that already has that infrastructure set and you can save a lot by using their services. This is where VdoCipher comes in, we take care of encoding to ensure that your video files are encoded and transcoded to all the relevant formats. Also, that your video is encrypted and the encryption key is not accessible by any unauthorized person. This ensures that your videos are compatible with all the browser and apps, also that they can’t be downloaded.<\/p>\n

    Vdocipher provides DRM-based encryption with Widevine DRM and Fairplay DRM. On top of it you get various other video hosting features<\/a> such as Video API, Powerful CDN, Video Analytics, Dynamic watermarking,\u00a0 Screen recording protection on iOS and Android.<\/p>\n

    Which is more important: Encryption Vs Encoding?<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n

    At the time,\u00a0when\u00a0video-on-demand\u00a0(VoD)\u00a0services such as\u00a0streaming and video rental platforms\u00a0are giving\u00a0broadcast media a run for their money, encryption and encoding\u00a0techniques\u00a0will play\u00a0an even\u00a0larger\u00a0role\u00a0to\u00a0keep the business\u00a0sustainable\u00a0for the stakeholders.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    It is hard to say what is more important. If you\u00a0would\u00a0talk to someone at YouTube,\u00a0they would say it is a business of encoding.\u00a0YouTube relies on\u00a0ad revenues to fund\u00a0its\u00a0video sharing platform and encryption doesn\u2019t play a major role.\u00a0Google would\u00a0rather\u00a0invest its\u00a0manpower in improving the current codecs and streaming methods\u00a0to be more efficient.\u00a0So that they\u00a0can\u00a0secure more video streaming\u00a0channels\u00a0for the same amount of bandwidth.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    However, streaming platforms that\u00a0rely\u00a0on\u00a0a\u00a0paid subscription to run their platform would put more insistence on\u00a0encryption. Did you know Netflix paid a\u00a0billion-dollar\u00a0to\u00a0CBS to retain\u00a0the\u00a0rights to Friends?\u00a0That is\u00a0every time\u00a0somebody is watching\u00a0Friends on their\u00a0local media\u00a0player is actually taking a pie from Netflix\u2019s\u00a0annual revenue, making the business slightly less sustainable for the leading video streaming platform.\u00a0It would\u00a0be\u00a0natural\u00a0for Netflix to invest its resources in\u00a0techniques that would make\u00a0copying video from its library even harder.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    Well,\u00a0what is more important, encryption or encoding, comes down to the revenue model of the distribution platform.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    Yet it would be advisable to give both of them equal importance.\u00a0Your business model\u00a0may\u00a0change\u00a0(or\u00a0perhaps\u00a0evolve)\u00a0in the future.\u00a0Sometime back\u00a0YouTube\u00a0started offering premium content\u00a0to its paid customers.\u00a0A few\u00a0streaming services\u00a0started\u00a0offering\u00a0an\u00a0ad-supported\u00a0tier\u00a0on their platform in addition to paid plans.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    Encryption vs Encoding isn\u2019t a debate but a conscious choice to protect your interests and that of your users.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Encoding and encryption are two techniques that play a crucial role in the transmission, exchange, storage, and creation of digital content be it plain text or rich media. Encryption employs an algorithm that takes in either plain text or metadata of rich media and converts it into a pseudo-random string of hexadecimal called a hash. 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